Hmmm, I look at it this way:
- If human drivers are still required, BEV trucks don’t require anything particularly improbable because drivers already have to stop every 8 or 10 hours for a long period of rest time. The batteries can charge during that required rest period (I’ve been told that tandem drivers are quite rare and many outfits frown upon them, presumably because they can’t really determine which of the two drivers actually pressed the “I’m driving now” button).
- If the trucks drive themselves, BEV trucks will have a very big problem. They will have to stop every 8 to 10 hours to charge even though the robo-driver could theoretically continue and drive straight through. I suppose it’ll be mitigated somewhat by scheduling charging during traffic periods, but there will still be plenty of unwanted downtime.
FCEV will very likely never hit worthwhile relative efficiency, so FCEV will likely only be used for niche cases where, despite the higher cost (lower efficiency = higher cost), they may be appropriate. Hydrogen in general may be widely used for energy storage and likely stored locally to avoid the high costs and efficiency losses of transport, distribution, etc. For example, a nuclear plant could run all night, produce hydrogen, and then that hydrogen could be used for peak energy demand during the day when the nuclear needs to be augmented. Same for solar during the day, or wind during the very windy days.