I can’t say for sure bj because I do not know all the answers to that.
But on my turbo sensor what failed was the heatshield that was wrapped around the wires fell off allowing the wires to melt near the engine. The heat shield was like tinfoil. The one I replaced it with had the same tinfoil for a heat shield. This is a known problem with Dodge (Cummins) diesels. So what I would say if I am going to pay for quality, I should get quality. But that isn’t what is happening. But what I can say is I can replace a lot of sensors if I am paying 1/3 the cost.
While not hard to replace it takes time to remove everything to get to it. It’s a sensor so it doesn’t hurt anything to let it go to failure. When it fails trouble shoot and replace is the proper method.
I think you guys are talking about two different things. I don’t doubt that Sweden sets the reference price at " 10% above the price of the least expensive generic equivalent" for a “new drug” that’s not working any better than the generic drugs on the market. Most of Pharma drug “research” is devoted to reverse engineering their competitors most successful brand name drugs and devising something just different enough to earn patent protection. That’s how you get 7 different name brand blood pressure medications that basically do the same thing using the same chemical compounds.
For novel drugs that are clearly superior to what’s on the market like GLP-1, there’s no cap, but foreign governments can and do decide that the asking price for a drug is well above it’s value to the patient and decide not to cover it. Of course for something like GLP-1 which costs about $5 per dose to manufacture, even if you’re dropping the US price of $1,000/month down to $100/month in Sweden, you’re still making a lot of money.
The sensor portion goes into the turbo to monitor it’s speed and make sure it isn’t failing. The two wire leads go back to the ECM module (brains) for monitoring by the computer. When it burns up it causes an open which makes the ECM detect a failure. Every sensor has to go back to the ECM with wire leads. The MAF sensors(Mass Airflow Sensors) can sometimes be fixed just by using a non static cleaner to clean them up, especially at the EGR cooler where they develop a lot of soot.
For novel drugs that are clearly superior to what’s on the market like GLP-1, there’s no cap, but foreign governments can and do decide that the asking price for a drug is well above it’s value to the patient and decide not to cover it.
This isn’t accurate, either. As I mentioned upstream, overseas countries all have price regulatory bodies that have their own individual criteria for price negotiations…and these prices are oftentimes independent of whether or not said medications are included in a country’s national healthcare prescribing formulary.
So, to take the example of GLP-1 agonists…you’ll find that, when drugs such as this are discussed on internet boards with an international community of posters (and, unless I’m misremembering it’s happened on this board) folk who’re prescribed these meds, but don’t fit the established criteria for subsidy by their own country’s national healthcare system or insurance coverage, can still obtain these meds legitimately just like in the US. No need for black market, underground labs or compounding pharmacies. The very same pharmacy where they could get it free or at low cost, but at the market price negotiated at the time of approval …which is invariably substantially less than here in the US.
Likewise, my expensive PCSK9 inhibitor. It would be free for me in England. Given my particular lipid profile, degree of coronary artery occlusion and age, I would definitely be well within the criteria of eligibility for NHS coverage…rather than the nearly $140 per month I’m paying. If, for whatever reason, I were not eligible then my cost for a private prescription would still be much lower than the > $500 I’d be paying here. I haven’t checked the figure recently, so intrepid Googliers might well find a cheaper outlet…but you get my drift.
Just an update. I was looking at problems with the Ford V8 5.4L engines and people were replacing the boots over their spark plugs with cheap Chinese parts and they were causing interference on the bus which would cause the computer chip to spit out all kinds of erroneous errors. Changing the boots to a higher quality part solved the problem. So just be aware of what you are doing and problems that come up in the future.