Replacing nat gas with hydrogen -- infrastructure

[syke6]

@Leap1

You can get steel without carbon. In fact it always burns off in the production of steel.

It is a misnomer that carbon has to be involved.

Steel is an alloy of carbon and iron.

[Leap1]

No steel can be 100% of iron.

Historically it is an alloy

[syke6]

Steel is an alloy of iron. That’s why there are different types of steel…aw, never mind.

[mschmit]

@Leap1

steels with no carbon emissions.

Carbon emissions, in the form of CO2 is a different statement than you need a couple of percent of carbon atoms mixed with the iron atoms to create the many different alloys of steel.

Mike

[Leap1]

You are holding on for dear life to steel alloy with carbon but steel can be made without carbon. Historically that was not the case. You ended up with wrought iron.

Steel will always encompass carbon and other metals as alloys.

Carbonless steel is possible. It is excellent quality steel.

[mschmit]

@Leap1

Steel will always encompass carbon and other metals as alloys.

Carbonless steel is possible. It is excellent quality steel.

can you explain how those two sentences make sense at the same time?
How can steel always contain carbon but carbonless steel is possible?

Mike

[jerryab2]

@Leap1

Carbonless steel is possible.

steel

/stēl/

noun

1. a hard, strong, gray or bluish-gray alloy of iron with carbon and usually other elements, used extensively as a structural and [fabricating]

“steel girders”

[jaagu]

@Leap1

The coal or coke is to get the heat up in the process. It burns off. That is the pollution as you know or CO2.

You can get steel without carbon. In fact it always burns off in the production of steel.

You do not understand metallurgy of steel. All steels have some carbon for strength. That carbon is part of the steel composition which is not being released as CO2.

Fundamentally, steel is made of iron and carbon, but many other alloying elements also get added to create thousands of different grades of steel. Mild steel, or carbon steel, is generally more than 99% iron, containing less than 0.25% carbon, similar amounts of manganese, and traces of phosphorus and sulfur.

Most steel grades are called carbon steel.

https://www.huyett.com/materials-and-attributes

Even high alloy steels contain carbon. Here is a chemical composition chart for Stainless Steel:

Chemical Composition of Stainless Steel Chart - Vishwa Stainless

[Leap1]

I am wrong about this 1% carbon give or take is necessarily to harden the steel.

It is possible to stop most emissions in the process of making steel

[pauleckler]

And hydrogen is the best known alternative. A known technology but can it be adapted to existing blast furnaces? Or will new plants be needed? And what is cost vs capture and sequestration of carbon from existing plants using coke?

Key questions to be investigated.