EaaS -- Elderly as a Service Backdoor Roth

Saw this strategy on Reddit

This is how backdooring your parents would work. Instead of contributing to a taxable brokerage account, you gift the money to your trustworthy elderly of choice. They use the gifted money to fund a taxable brokerage account and buy investments (maybe you get power of attorney so you can make investment decisions for them). They die (rest in peace) and because of stepped basis, you get tax free growth on the investments, thus turning your parents into a mega backdoor and most likely before retirement age.

Is there anything I’m missing? It seems to be a viable method for an early retirement with tax advantaged investments.

Anyone want to invest in an EaaS (Elderly as a service)?

https://www.reddit.com/r/Fire/comments/1enp7n7/using_old_people_to_avoid_paying_taxes/

The only flaw I see is that you want an elderly person in a low tax bracket, or invest in something like BRK that doesn’t pay a dividend.

intercst

2 Likes

Off the top of my head:

  1. Once you gift it to your parents, it’s their money. Even if the ultimate intent is for it to head back to you, there is nothing you can really do to stop them from spending it.

  2. As that money is in an ordinary investment account, it would not be protected from their creditors. A major health or home related cost or lawsuit against them could wipe some or all of it out.

  3. Scams preying on seniors are a real thing. If your parents get tripped up by one, that money could be lost.

  4. Especially if there are multiple children, former spouses, or a chance that a surviving spouse may remarry, that money may end up being split to different beneficiaries based on an estate plan or account titling that doesn’t meet the original intent of that initial gift.

  5. Even if all else holds to plan, the timing uncertainty on this idea is substantial. For instance, on my mother’s side, my grandmother lived into her 90s, while my grandfather passed away around age 65.

Net - while the theory looks potentially promising on paper, the paths to potential pitfalls are substantial….

Regards,
-Chuck

8 Likes

Well, if you get the parents when they’re old enough and easily confused, you set it all up and then tell them it didn’t go through and doesn’t exist, and you handle everything yourself, unbeknownst to them.

This solves everything but #2, I think.

At the end father in law was paying $15k/month for care. He didn’t run out of money but suspect that Medicaid would be searching for payback if he had and they were paying his bill.

3 Likes

I see someone contesting the will that leaves you all of that money as an issue. Or if they were TOD accounts, the ‘trusted’ elderly person deciding to change the beneficiary on those accounts. Or the trusted elderly person causing an accident that injures someone significantly and being sued for ‘their’ assets. Or them needing long-term care and ‘their’ assets being required to be used to pay for the care.

Yeah, lots of pitfalls.

AJ

4 Likes

Doesn’t help when their estate has to go through probate. Not declaring assets that belong in their estate is fraud.

AJ

6 Likes

What if we set up the investment account in an Irrevocable Trust for the benefit of the young retiree. If there’s a danger that the elderly person will go on Medicaid, you could discontinue new deposits ahead of the 5-year look back period (30 month look back period in New York & California.)

I believe that the Irrevocable Trust would be safe from any court judgements if it had be set up prior to the accident you are being sued for. Also, an Irrevocable Trust is not part of the deceased’s Probated Estate.

What Is an Irrevocable Trust? | LegalZoom

There may be a problem if the trust is generating taxable income since the tax rates on trusts tend to be high, but you could solve that by investing in something that doesn’t produce income like BRK. Also an Irrevocable Trust wouldn’t benefit from the tremedous gift of the stepped-up cost basis on death, which is the foundation of generational wealth in America. Perhaps one would be willing to accept some risk to get in on the stepped-up cost basis grift?

intercst

Irrevocable trusts don’t get a step up in basis, which I thought was the point of what you were pushing?

Oh, so now you can project who will need Medicaid in 2 1/2 - 5 years?

You are welcome to do so, but seems like a lot of dodging for not much gain. At most, capital gains taxes are going to be 23.8%, which is a lot lower than you would be paying in ordinary income taxes with that amount of income.

AJ

5 Likes

The other issue is the initial transfer of money to the elderly person. Without reducing your estate tax exemption, you can only gift up to $18k a year (if you have a spouse, they can gift another $18k, and if the elderly person has a spouse, another 2 x $18k). But you won’t be able to gift a few million very easily to enable a substantial step up of basis at death.

A second problem is that elderly people die quicker than non elderly people, so there aren’t all that many more years for capital gains to accrue, and thus be stepped up at death.

These along with all the other aforementioned pitfalls makes this strategy less useful. Maybe it could work for smaller numbers, and when there is only one child inheriting everything (which reduces the chance of squabbling).

If all the children were using the EaaS Backdoor Roth strategy, there wouldn’t be any squabbling. {{ LOL }}

intercst

There still would be squabbling … “I chose NVDA for my money, and you chose INTC”, etc.

1 Like

Why wouldn’t they have separate accounts?

intercst

1 Like

Separate accounts have no bearing on the total estate. One account with $100k (INTC), one account with $200k (AXP), and one account with $700k (NVDA), upon death, the estate is $1M. Three kids inheriting will each get $333.3k. If they insist on one kid getting $100k, one getting $200k, and one getting $700k, there will very often be squabbles. Then the lawyers take half and the kids get half.

1 Like

Correct, but each kid would have the asset allocation of his/her choosing and reap the consequences or rewards.

intercst

1 Like

So you are suggesting setting up 3 different irrevocable trusts? That seems like it will be expensive. Or are you just suggesting setting up 3 different TOD accounts, with each kid the beneficiary on a different account?

Because the irrevocable trust loses the step up, and the TOD accounts are open to claims for paying creditors, long term care, etc.

Still not seeing what the point of this is.

AJ

1 Like

No, just 3 different TOD accounts.

If you’re doing a trust. Nolo will sell you state specific documents for $30.

intercst

The other thing to keep in mind is that the step up in basis really only becomes worthwhile after MANY years of gains. Sure, you could transfer assets to elderly folks and perhaps get 7-8 years of gains, or roughly a double, and with the step-up, save up to 23.8% on half the value. But the real HUGE benefit of the step-up happens after decades of holding, when almost the entire value of the asset is comprised of capital gains, then you can save up to 23.8% of the entire amount. But then you would have to be transferring those assets to middle-aged people to get those decades of tax free growth (stepped up growth). And for the vast majority, you CAN’T transfer assets to middle aged parents because you don’t have much in the way of assets at that point in life (because you’re still a kid or a young adult)!

2 Likes

I’m not fond of - can’t stand, really - any complex approach. KISS isn’t exactly my mantra, but I find keeping things straight forward has worked best for me. If there are too many things to do, too many that depend on things going the way I expect them to, I’m not interested.

2 Likes

So what are you doing about the issues with potential creditor claims, paying for long term care, or if the elderly person changes the beneficiary on the account?

A living trust is not an irrevocable trust. While a living trust can protect against creditor claims, the trust assets will still disqualify the elderly person from getting Medicaid to pay for long term care. Because a living trust is just that - living - the beneficiaries can also be changed, so you haven’t solved for that risk either.

Still not seeing the point of this. It might be useful for a few edge cases, where people who have already maxed out both back door Roth IRAs and mega back door Roth 401(k)s and still have money left over to invest, and who wouldn’t mind if that money went instead to, say paying for long term care for their parents or paying their parents’ creditors. But, in general, the risk of losing 100% of your money vs. reward of saving a max of 23.8% of your gains doesn’t seem to come down on the side of taking the risk, especially since your capital gains taxes can mostly be controlled to stay under that max rate.

AJ

3 Likes

Yes, it’s just another tool in the toolbox that people can consider or decline to use. Just like there were lots of skeptics on the wisdom of a 38-yr-old quitting a high paying engineering job three decades ago to leverage the much lower tax rates available to those in the Leisure Class without wage & salary income.

intercst

1 Like