Hi all,
Below are my notes from INBK’s Q2 2015 earnings.
Anirban
Long INBK
Press release: http://www.firstinternetbancorp.com/file.aspx?IID=4112285&am…
1) Deposit Growth
I am switching to looking at the total deposit value, not the averages as discussed in prior quarterly notes. I ‘m also going to start noting the distribution of deposits across various categories.
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Q2 2015 deposits totalled $857m versus $744m in Q2 2014 and $821m in Q1 2015. Deposits grew about 15% YoY. For comparison, total deposits at Q1 2015 and Q1 2014 were $821m and $728m respectively, i.e., a 13% growth.
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CDs (51.5%) and money market accounts account (32.5%) for a bulk of the deposits. It looks like the percentage of CDs has ticked up. CDs accounted for 48.9% in Q1 15 and 46.9% in Q2 14. We need to watch this a bit. Ideally, we want INBK to reduce its reliance on CDs.
2) Loan Portfolio
- Let’s look at the loans receivable line and see how INBK has been doing. Here we are looking at quarter ending numbers:
Q2 2015 $814.2M
Q1 2015 $767.7M
Q4 2014 $732.4M
Q3 2014 $695.9M
Q2 2014 $631.7M
Q1 2014 $532.2M
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At Q4 2014, we had seen a pretty solid QoQ loan growth of 46%. That’s kept pace in Q1 15 versus Q1 14 with growth of 44%. The loan growth cooled down a bit this quarter, with QoQ growth of 29%. Overall, loan portfolio is growing nicely.
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Loan to deposit ratio has been hovering around the 94-95% mark since the beginning of 2015. It was hovering around mid-to-low 90%’s since Q3 2014. This ratio was in the mid 80’s in Q2 2014 and only 72% in Q1 2014. This tighter coupling between loan and deposit partially explains the improved efficiency of the bank. It might also help explain why the bank has not attempted to push on deposit growth. I am hypothesising that the bank has been managing the rate at which deposits grow to improve efficiency and they will probably push the throttle on deposit growth may be in the second half of the year as soon they will need to bring in deposits at a much higher rate to keep up with the torrid growth in loans. This will be something to watch. We will need to keep an eye on this and make sure the bank is able to attract cheap capital at the rate it needs them to sustain its growth.
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Let’s look at the trajectory of commercial loans:
Q2 2015 $488.8M
Q1 2015 $395.0M
Q4 2014 $351.0M
Q2 2014 $285.0M
Q1 2014 $243.0M
Commercial loans grew a phenomenal 71% QoQ. This comes on the back of a 63% QoQ growth in Q1 2015.
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Commercial lending accounted for 55.5% of the loans, up from 51.5% in Q1 2015, up from 48% of total loans in Q4 2014, and 46% in Q1 2014.
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A majority of the commercial loans continues to be single tenant lease financing. These now account for about 34% of the total loans.
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Residential mortgage + home equity loans accounted for $257M versus $270M in Q1 2015 and $280M in Q4 2014. Residential mortgage origination appears to have slowed down somewhat. As a percentage of total loans this segment accounted for 32% of the loan book.
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Trailers and recreational vehicle loans (which were sort of the bread and butter of the company in its initial days) now account for about 12% of the loan portfolio. The total value is sitting around the $90M to $100M level since Q1 2014. These accounted for 19% of the loan portfolio in Q1 2014.
Overall, INBK has steadily grown its loan portfolio and nicely diversified the portfolio b/w commercial and residential loans in the last year or two.
3) Non-interest income
- Non-interest income for Q2 2015 was $2.5 million compared to $3.1 million for Q1 2015 and $1.6 million for Q2 2014. The decrease of $0.7 million, or 21.3%, compared to the linked quarter was driven by a decline of $0.7 million, or 23.3%, in mortgage banking revenue resulting primarily from lower origination volumes.
I like recapping what the company has said in prior quarters as it gives us perspective on how the management team is executing:
In Q2 2014, the company said the following with respect to decline in non-interest income:
The Company experienced a $2.23 million year-over-year decline in income from mortgage banking activities. The Company made adjustments to reduce expenses in the second quarter in the mortgage operations to reflect the lower volumes. The Company continued to invest in this revenue channel, launching a construction lending program in Central Indiana in the second quarter.
Then, in Q3 2104, they said the following, which was reassuring:
Over the last 12 months, the Company has increased its sales and marketing efforts related to purchase mortgage business and has added sales personnel since the second quarter following a restructuring of its mortgage operations earlier in the year. Furthermore, it recently launched an Indianapolis-based origination effort to complement its nationwide online origination platform. As a result, origination activity has increased throughout the year with third quarter originations increasing 23.2% compared to the second quarter.
It seems the Q4 2014 story is similar to Q3 2014. This is what the company noted in the earnings release:
The increase of $0.2 million, or 8.0%, compared to the linked quarter was driven by an increase of $0.2 million, or 12.5%, in mortgage banking revenue. The increase in mortgage banking revenue was primarily a result of higher origination volumes as purchase originations were supplemented by increased refinance activity when interest rates dropped early in the fourth quarter.
Then, in Q1 2015 the following was noted.
Non-interest income for the first quarter was $3.1 million compared to $2.1 million for the fourth quarter 2014 and $1.5 million for the first quarter 2014. The increase of $1.0 million, or 50.0%, compared to the linked quarter was driven by an increase of $1.0 million, or 56.7%, in mortgage banking revenue resulting from an improvement in gain on sale margin and higher origination volumes.
The thing to note here is that management IMO has become better equipped to handle the variations in mortgage banking revenue. David Becker noted the following in the press release:
In spite of an elevated level of early paydowns and a competitive market, our commercial lending teams delivered another solid performance in the second quarter. Going into the third quarter, our commercial pipelines remain strong. Consumer loan activity picked up in the second quarter as well.
The diversification of the loan base is really helping them ride the variability.
4) Net Interest Income & Net interest margin (NIM)
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Net interest income for Q2 2015 $7.6M versus $6.8M in Q1 2015 and $5.4M in Q2 2014. That’s a 41% YoY net interest income increase.
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With respect to the sequential increase in net interest income, the company noted the following:
Compared to the linked quarter, total interest income increased $0.9 million, or 10.3%, and total interest expense increased $0.1 million, or 6.0%. The increase in total interest income was driven by a $41.9 million, or 5.6%, increase in average loans receivable and a $36.6 million, or 25.2%, increase in average investment balances. Additionally, compared to the linked quarter the yield earned on the loan portfolio, including mortgage loans held for sale, increased 3 bps and the yield earned on the investment portfolio increased 19 bps. -
The Company’s net interest margin was 2.87%, up from 2.84% in Q1 2015, 2.78% in Q4 2014, 2.68% in Q3 2014, 2.61% in Q2 2014, and 2.51% in Q1 2014.
The following explains the whys of the net interest margin expansion:
The yield on interest-earning assets for the second quarter was 3.85%, which was consistent with the linked quarter. However, excluding the impact of interest income associated with a loan recovery in the first quarter, the yield on interest-earning assets increased 6 bps during the second quarter, driven by higher yields earned on commercial loans and investment securities. The cost of interest-bearing liabilities for the second quarter declined 5 bps compared to the linked quarter due to the lower cost of funds related to Federal Home Loan Bank advances.
5) Credit Quality
Credit quality continues to remain strong.
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Nonperforming loans to total loans declining 1 bps to 0.02% from 0.03% for Q1 2015.
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Nonperforming assets to total assets declined to 0.43%. The allowance for loan losses was $7.1M.
6) Efficiency Ratio
Net Interest income (‘000):
06/15: 7,572
03/15: 6,774
12/14: 6,375
09/14: 5,673
06/14: 5,373
03/14: 4,866
12/13: 4,964
Non-interest income (‘000):
06/15: 2,476
03/15: 3,148
12/14: 2,098
09/14: 1,943
06/14: 1,622
03/14: 1,511
12/13: 1,171
Non-interest expenses (‘000):
06/15: 6,327
03/15: 6,257
12/14: 5,879
09/14: 5,785
06/14: 5,560
03/14: 5,438
12/13: 5,255
Cash efficiency ratios
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06/15: 0.63 (Q2 15)
03/15: 0.63 (Q1 15)
12/14: 0.69 (Q4 14)
09/14: 0.76 (Q3 14)
06/14: 0.79 (Q2 14)
03/14: 0.85 (Q1 14)
12/13: 0.86 (Q4 13)
We have been discussing INBK’s efficiency ratios quite a bit. Efficiency ratio is a measure of the bank’s overhead (think of this as fixed costs such as people, IT, building, etc) as a percentage of its total income. Of course, lower is better and we would expect efficiency ratios to be better for online banks versus brick and mortar ones. BOFI, INBK’s big brother, has industry leading efficiency ratios in the low 30%’s. What’s going on here with INBK? INBK has spent a lot to scale up its operations. We are now starting to see the benefits. In the past few quarters, interest income has outpaced the non-interest expense. The non-interest income is the gravy. It’s pleasing to see the costs (non-interest expenses) stabilise, i.e., tick up slowly compared to the net interest income growth. If we hadn’t seen a slowdown in the non-interest income, INBK would have achieved a much better efficiency ratio.
So, the question remains — can INBK get the efficiency ratio below the 60% mark? Low to mid-50%’s would be great.
One important peg in the wheel is the cost of funds. CDs account for about half of the deposits and they cost more than regular savings and money market accounts. Money market accounts are about 35% of the deposits. The distribution of CDs and money market accounts have been more or less steady. I guess INBK could try to attract more money market type funds to lower its cost of funds. However, I see that ‘Other borrowed funds’ has ballooned to $130M at end of Q2 2015 versus $110M at end of Q1 2015 from $91M at end of Q4 2014 and $25M at end of Q1 2014. I think (although I ‘m not 100% sure) this refers to funds borrowed from ‘Federal Home Loan Banks’ which are chartered to provide on-demand, low-cost funding to American financial institutions.
Looking at the “Average Balance and Rates” Table, it appears that this strategy of using ‘Other borrowed fund’ is working out as their cost has declined to 1.23% this quarter versus 1.7% in Q1 2015. In fact, CDs cost more at 1.36% although its down from 1.38% in Q1 2015. At the end of Q1 2015, I was confused as to why they would switch over to a higher cost source, but it now makes sense, as they must have anticipated the lower cost of this funding source. Anyways, I think INBK’s reliance on CDs need to come down for the Net Interest Margin to go up some more.
7) Earnings Growth and Book Value
Earnings per share:
06/15: $0.50 (shares out: 4.5M)
03/15: $0.46 (shares out: 4,523,246) [Some dilution owing to issuance of RSUs]
12/14: $0.32 (shares out: 4,514,505)
09/14: 0.28 (shares out: 4,511,291)
06/14: $0.22 (shares out: 4.45M) —> Significant increase in earnings with respect to 03/14 quarter; driven by strong increases in interest income.
03/14: $0.13 (shares out: 4.45M)
12/13: $0.19 (shares out: 4.45M) → Note the dilution following the bank’s secondary offering.
09/13: $0.25 (shares out: 2.86M)
06/13: $0.59 (shares out: 2.82M)
TTM: $1.56
P/E: 17.8 (using $27.83, closing price as of July 23, 2015)
Book value reported on the earnings release is $22.28. The P/B is 1.2.
Valuation and Concluding Remarks
This was yet another good quarter. It shows that management’s investments in people, processes, and IT is paying off. Expenses have flatlined. If loan book growth continues, the bank is well positioned to keep growing. Management is taking a cautious approach to growth, carefully balancing assets and liabilities. It’s positioning the bank to adapt to interest rate increases. I think management might have to work a bit harder on reducing cost of funding but this would seem reasonably feasible. After all, management has been able to improve net interest margin yet again this quarter.
I ‘m not going to try and do any sort of modelling here. The bank is growing earnings nicely (100% YoY earnings growth). It’s still very early days for the bank, and there’s a lot of room to run in the online Internet banking space. However, I do believe that the P/E and P/B multiples are pretty low for a company executing well, that’s founder led with solid insider stake, and one that has much opportunity to expand not for a year or two but for decades.