InnerPeace's End of May 2026 Portfolio Update

InnerPeace’s End of May 2026 Portfolio Update

AI Disclosure: This post was substantially generated with the assistance of LLMs, working from my research direction, my investment framework, and my personal transaction records. The analysis reflects my own views and decisions. I build AI systems for a living, and I hold these AI-assisted analyses to the same standard I’d apply to my own manual research. I hope the quality justifies your reading time, despite the board’s policy on AI-generated responses.


Portfolio Overview

2026 YTD Return: +72.3%
Drawdown from Nov 2025 Peak: Recoverd
Month-over-Month: Jan -5.9% → Feb -26.5% → Mar -10.2% → Apr +75.1% → May +54.9%

Ticker May 31 Weight Q1 Weight Change
IREN 21.9% 21.05% +0.85pp
ALAB 20.9% 17.26% +3.6pp
APP 19.4% 16.67% +2.7pp
NBIS 15.2% 17.93% -2.7pp
NVDA 9.6% 13.42% -3.8pp
CRDO 7.6% NEW
NET 3.7% 6.52% -2.8pp
HIVE 1.7% 0.96% +0.7pp
RBRK 6.20% SOLD

Transactions since Q1 (March 31):

  • Sold RBRK, bought CRDO — The launch of Anthropic’s Mythos made me reassess small cloud security firms. I had thought cybersecurity SaaS was immune to LLM disruption. It isn’t. I exited RBRK and initiated CRDO as a new position in high-speed connectivity, which sits squarely in the AI infrastructure thesis.
  • Added NVDA — Bought back some of what I trimmed in Q1. The valuation reset made it compelling.
  • Added APP (twice) — Q1 earnings showed 59% YoY revenue growth re-accelerating from FY2025’s 16%. The Axon AI advertising platform and social media app launch are underappreciated catalysts.
  • Trimmed NBIS, added IREN — NBIS had grown past 20% of the portfolio. IREN was lower. I cut NBIS and added to IREN to rebalance. IREN’s 8.8x upside to the $200B target (vs 3.4x for NBIS at current prices) makes it the better risk/reward at these weights.
  • Trimmed ALAB — ALAB also crossed 20%. I trimmed back to my comfort zone and redirected some into APP.

The portfolio has recovered substantially from the Q1 lows. The AI infrastructure thesis — exponential token burn driving infrastructure demand — continues to play out. RBRK is out, CRDO is in, and the concentration in AI infrastructure has deepened.


Company Updates

IREN (21.9%) — The Asymmetric Bet

IREN remains my largest position for one reason: the math. My base-case model assumes 5 GW of active power by ~2030, $2-2.5B quarterly revenue per GW, 20% net margins, and a 25x P/E. Under those assumptions, IREN could be a $200-250B company. At current market cap, that’s 8.8x upside. Even if I’m wrong by 50% on every assumption, the return is still multiples of the current price. This is a model, not a forecast — the range of outcomes is wide.

The key driver is power. Here’s where the Big Three neoclouds stand:

Active Now YE 2026 Target Contracted Secured Pipeline
CoreWeave >1 GW >3.5 GW
NBIS ~170 MW 800 MW–1 GW >4 GW target
IREN 810 MW +480 MW (Childress Phases 1–4) 810 MW fully contracted 4.5 GW

IREN has the deepest secured pipeline and needs only ~10% of it to hit its ARR target. But the pace is deliberately slower than NBIS or CoreWeave. This is both a strength — less execution risk concentrated in any single project — and a weakness. NBIS is signing the Meta and Microsoft deals now. CoreWeave already has >1 GW active. If the hyperscaler capacity shortage eases, the first movers will have locked in the best contracts.

The Q3 FY2026 results showed a 94.2% increase in AI cloud revenue. The transition from Bitcoin mining to AI infrastructure is showing in the numbers. But the legacy Bitcoin business creates noise in the financials — revenue from mining can decline even as AI cloud grows. I don’t care about the Bitcoin revenue. I care about the AI infrastructure buildout. The market sometimes confuses the two, which creates opportunities.

The board discussion has focused extensively on comparing IREN to NBIS and CoreWeave. The consensus is that IREN is the tortoise, not the hare, but the secured power pipeline is the deepest moat. Smorgasbord1 raised the right question: “We keep getting talk of ‘watts,’ but that’s like saying ‘miles’ without saying whether those miles are planned, mapped, or actually driven.” For IREN, the 4.5 GW pipeline needs to convert to active power. The 810 MW operational today is the baseline. The 480 MW expansion is the near-term test.

My conviction in IREN is not that it will execute perfectly. It’s that the power assets are real, the demand for AI compute is real, and the current valuation prices in far less success than NBIS or CoreWeave. The asymmetry is what makes it the largest position.

ALAB (20.9%) — The Standard-Bearer

Astera Labs makes PCIe retimers (Aries product family) and CXL fabric switches (Scorpio platform) — industry-standard connectivity chips that sit between the GPU and everything else in an AI server. The numbers: 76.3% gross margins, 93.4% YoY revenue growth in Q1 2026, $10B TAM target for the Scorpio X-Series alone. Non-GAAP operating margin: 36.2%. The business is real, profitable, and growing fast.

In my hardware cycle framework, ALAB sits between NVDA and CRDO on the safety spectrum. PCIe is a 20-year industry standard. Every GPU needs PCIe connectivity. You can’t build an AI server without it. The switching costs are embedded in system architecture — you don’t rip out PCIe for a cheaper alternative the way you might delay a KLIC bonding tool purchase. This is not a commodity connectivity play; it’s a standards-based moat with a 5-10 year durability horizon.

The product diversification within the connectivity niche helps too. Aries covers PCIe retimers across multiple generations. Scorpio covers CXL fabric switches from 32 to 320 lane configurations. If one product line faces pricing pressure, the portfolio provides some insulation. That’s a meaningful advantage over CRDO’s more concentrated AEC cable business.

Compared to CRDO, ALAB has lower customer concentration (not flagged as extreme in any of the research), a more diversified product line built on industry standards rather than a single new technology, and gross margins that have been stable to improving. In a hardware downturn, ALAB’s revenue would decline — it’s not immune to the cycle — but the essential nature of PCIe connectivity means it declines less than discretionary equipment purchases. The PCIe standard has survived decades of technology transitions. That’s the kind of moat I want in a 20%+ position.

APP (19.4%) — The Platform Play

AppLovin delivered 59% YoY revenue growth in Q1 2026, re-accelerating from 16% in FY2025. The annual growth decelerated from 43% in FY2024 to 16% in FY2025 — a 27 percentage point drop — but Q1 2026’s 59% suggests the business has re-accelerated. The FY2025 annual figure may have been depressed by comparisons or one-time factors. Guidance for Q2 2026 implies continued strength, and management raised FY26 revenue guidance.

The business fundamentals are exceptional. 88.9% gross margins. 64.3% net profit margins. TTM free cash flow of $3.18B (Q1 2026 quarterly FCF was $1.3B). SBC is low. The Axon AI advertising platform — alongside MAX in-app bidding — is the growth engine. Revenue exceeded analyst estimates by 3.8% in the most recent quarter, continuing a consistent beat pattern that suggests management guides conservatively. Earnings growth of 109.2% YoY reinforces the margin story.

The board has been intensely focused on two catalysts: the social media app launch and the automated video creation tool. Whether the social media app itself succeeds is secondary. The real story is Axon’s AI advertising platform becoming the operating system for mobile ad spend. If Axon captures even a fraction of the $300B+ global digital advertising market, the growth runway is long. The CloudX/Axon ecosystem — automated video creation, AI-driven ad optimization — is where the competitive moat gets built.

The risks are real. An active SEC probe into data-collection practices creates uncertainty. The P/S ratio is elevated. The stock is volatile. But at 19.4% of the portfolio, I’m comfortable with the risk/reward given the margin structure and growth trajectory.

NBIS (15.2%) — Best Execution, Smaller Upside

Nebius has delivered the strongest execution in the neocloud space. The Meta deal over 5 years provides a contracted revenue backbone that neither IREN nor CoreWeave can match. The Microsoft deal is on track for 2026 delivery. Revenue grew 621.5% YoY in Q1 2026. Gross margins are 74%.

The power trajectory tells the story: 170 MW active today → 800 MW–1 GW connected by end 2026 → >4 GW contracted. That’s a 5-6x scaling in 12 months. If they hit it, it’s extraordinary execution. If they don’t, the stock reprices violently. NBIS is coming from a unique origin — restructured from Yandex’s international assets after the Russia exit. 2023 revenue was near zero. The growth from that base has been explosive, but it also means the track record is short. The bull case requires flawless execution through an unprecedented scaling challenge.

At current market cap, the upside to $200B is 3.4x — excellent, but less than half of IREN’s 8.8x. My trim in May was not a statement about NBIS’s quality. It was purely a risk/reward rebalancing: IREN offers more upside per dollar of current valuation, driven by the deeper secured power pipeline. The board’s comparison thread from February reinforced this — NBIS has more signed contracts, but IREN has more secured power, and power is the ultimate bottleneck in this space.

The risks: customer concentration (Meta and Microsoft dominate revenue), the scaling challenge, and deep negative FCF during buildout. But these are the right risks to take — they’re execution risks, not thesis risks. If NBIS executes, the returns are exceptional. If it doesn’t, the position size (15.2%) limits the damage.

NVDA (9.6%) — The Moat Is Real, But Watch the Edges

NVDA controls ~81% of the AI data center chip market. Its moat is three-layered: best-in-class hardware (H200, B200, Vera Rubin), the CUDA software ecosystem (decades of developer lock-in), and financial innovation — equity stakes in customers like CoreWeave that align incentives beyond simple chip sales.

The Q1 FY2027 numbers were extraordinary. Revenue grew 85.2% YoY to $81.61B. Net income was up 210.6% YoY (calculated from quarterly net income — the yfinance “earnings growth” field is unreliable). Gross margin: 74.9%. Operating margin: 65.6%. Net cash: over $40B. Forward P/E and P/S are current market data — check at time of reading. Beta: 2.24.

But the moat is asymmetric. It’s strongest in training — where CUDA optimization, CoWoS packaging access, and the software ecosystem create genuine lock-in. It’s weakest in inference — where workloads are simpler, AMD’s ROCm has “practically closed the software gap,” and open-source stacks (JAX, PyTorch direct) reduce CUDA dependency. Inference has already surpassed training as the dominant AI workload. Every ChatGPT query, every Claude response, every Gemini search — these are inference calls. As the workload mix shifts toward inference, NVDA’s moat erodes at the margin.

The other threat is Google’s Trillium TPU, currently exclusive to GCP. TPU doesn’t have CUDA’s ecosystem, but if Google ever makes TPU available outside GCP, the competitive dynamic shifts meaningfully.

I trimmed NVDA in Q1 and added back in April. At ~16x forward P/E on 85% revenue growth, the valuation is reasonable. I’m watching gross margins for any sign of inference commoditization. If margins dip below 65% without a clear temporary explanation, that’s a sell signal. The 81% market share means NVDA has only one direction to go in market share — the question is how fast, not whether.

CRDO (7.6%) — High Risk, Tactical Size

Credo makes Active Electrical Cables (AECs) — high-speed copper interconnects for AI clusters. As GPU clusters scale to 100,000+ units, the interconnect market explodes. AECs are replacing active optical cables because they’re lower power, lower cost, and more reliable. The Q3 FY2026 numbers were strong: revenue grew 201.5% YoY, gross margins expanded to 68.5%. Beta: 1.6. The DustPhotonics acquisition adds optical capabilities to the portfolio.

Guidance tells an interesting story. Q4 FY2026 guidance of $425M-$435M implies only ~5% sequential growth — a dramatic deceleration from Q3’s 51.9% sequential jump. Management guided FY2027 to over 50% revenue growth, which is strong, but the near-term deceleration raises the question: temporary digestion or genuine slowdown? The board has been closely analyzing whether this is customer absorption after a massive buildout quarter, or an early warning.

The bear case is severe: 88% of revenue comes from three customers (per the company’s 10-K filing). If one hyperscaler develops an internal AEC solution — and Google, Amazon, and Microsoft are all building custom silicon — CRDO could lose a major revenue source overnight. The other risk is standard risk. AEC is a relatively new category. If the industry converges on a different interconnect standard, CRDO’s product becomes obsolete. Cables in data centers get replaced every 2-4 years as speeds upgrade — there’s no long-term lock-in.

At 7.6%, the position size correctly reflects the asymmetry. Big upside if AEC becomes the standard for AI cluster interconnects. Existential risk if it doesn’t. I bought CRDO after exiting RBRK — the AI infrastructure thesis is where I want to be concentrated, and CRDO is a pure play on that theme, just with higher risk than the other names. This is not a “buy and forget” position. It requires active monitoring of customer concentration and standard evolution.


Special Topics: A Research Framework for AI Infrastructure Investing

Over the past month, I’ve developed a structured research framework to test the assumptions underlying my portfolio. Here are the five key findings.

1. From Cyclical to Growth? A Hardware Cycle Framework

Traditional semiconductor investing follows a bullwhip pattern: under-supply → surging profits → massive CapEx → over-supply → earnings crash. This cycle has repeated for 40 years. Every memory upturn has ended in a downturn. Every equipment boom has ended in a bust.

The AI era may be different — or it may just be a longer cycle. Long-term HBM contracts (Micron’s 2026 capacity is already sold out with multi-year agreements), TSMC’s persistent CoWoS packaging bottleneck (sold out through 2026), and NVDA’s CUDA ecosystem are stretching the up-cycle in unprecedented ways. But different companies benefit differently:

←─── Secular Growth ─────────────────────── Cyclical ───→
NVDA          ALAB         CRDO        MU          KLIC
GPU+CUDA      PCIe+CXL     AEC cables   HBM memory   bonding tools
10yr+         5-10yr       2-5yr       TBD          <2yr

The key determinant is how close the product is to the end consumer of compute, and how deep the switching-cost moat is. Ecosystem lock-in (CUDA) > industry standards (PCIe) > technology lead (AEC) > supply bottleneck (HBM undersupply) > CapEx cycle position (equipment).

The framework validates my portfolio construction. The heaviest weights are on the growth side of the spectrum. The tactical positions are on the moat-dependent side. And I’ve avoided the purely cyclical names despite their apparent cheapness — a low P/E on cyclical earnings is not a bargain, it’s a trap.

The key question for every position: when the supply constraints ease and GPUs are no longer scarce, who still has pricing power?

2. The Inference Shift and Open Source Disruption

Inference has already surpassed training as the dominant AI workload. This matters because inference economics are fundamentally different from training economics. Training requires cutting-edge GPUs with CUDA optimization. Inference can run on older GPUs, consumer cards, or even non-NVDA hardware. AMD’s ROCm has “practically closed the software gap with CUDA” for inference workloads. The moat that protects NVDA in training doesn’t fully extend to inference.

The open source earthquake — DeepSeek, Llama, Mistral — compounds this. When anyone can run a competitive model, proprietary API pricing power erodes. Token prices fall. But Jevons’ Paradox kicks in: “We made every token a hundred times cheaper, and then we built products that consume ten thousand times more tokens.” Total inference demand explodes, not contracts.

This is the core bull case for neoclouds. The infrastructure layer — GPUs, data centers, power — captures the volume growth regardless of which model wins or what the token price is. When the LLM companies compete themselves to death on pricing, the picks-and-shovels providers still get paid per GPU-hour. If total GPU-hours consumed goes up 10,000x while per-hour pricing stays stable, neocloud revenue grows massively.

The risk scenario: if open source models become so good that proprietary AI labs face severe financial pressure, near-term GPU procurement could slow. This wouldn’t mean bankruptcy, but belt-tightening at OpenAI or Anthropic would create a demand air pocket. Not the base case, but worth monitoring.

The board discussed this extensively during the January 2025 DeepSeek panic. WillO2028 posted the Jevons’ Paradox argument within hours, and it proved prescient — GPU demand did not collapse. The same logic holds today.

3. Macro Risk and the High-Beta Reality

Saul-style portfolios fall 50%+ roughly every 2-3 years, while the SOX index falls that much every 5-10 years. The same characteristics that drive outsized returns — hypergrowth, high multiples, concentrated positions, emerging tech exposure — amplify drawdowns. It’s not a bug; it’s the mathematical cost of the strategy.

We’ve had five macro shocks in more than twelve months: DeepSeek R1 panic (Jan 2025, CRDO -25%), Trump Liberation Day tariff (Apr 2025), AI Capex “Show Me the ROI” rotation (Dec-Mar), Iran War with Strait of Hormuz closure (Mar 2026, oil past $120), and Fed markets betting on rate hikes (May 2026). Each one recovered. But collectively they demonstrate the environment. A 50% drawdown over the next 12 months is historically normal.

What’s different from 2022: the companies are profitable. NVDA has $40B in net cash. ALAB has 75% gross margins. But many 2021 SaaS companies also had 70%+ margins and were profitable before the crash. The difference is not margins — it’s that today’s AI infrastructure demand is backed by hyperscaler CapEx measured in hundreds of billions, not speculative software TAMs. A -90% drawdown is less likely. A -50% is not.

The practical implication: size positions for the drawdown I can hold through. Keep margin low. Have conviction in the businesses, not the stock prices. As DoctorRob posted during the February selloff: “As Saulites, we know our companies. When the market goes down, instead of a dwindling fortune we see a fire sale.”

4. Our Deliberate Deviation from Saul

My two largest positions — IREN and NBIS — were bought before revenue hypergrowth was evident. IREN was primarily a Bitcoin miner when I built the position. NBIS was a restructured shell of Yandex with near-zero revenue. This is a deliberate deviation from Saul’s method, which buys after 30%+ revenue growth is demonstrated.

What we’re doing sits in a gray zone between VC and Saul-stage investing: pre-inflection, thesis-driven, higher risk/reward. The upside is captured in the returns in NBIS and IREN. If we had waited for Saul-style confirmation (30%+ YoY demonstrated over multiple quarters), we would have entered at much higher prices and captured far less of the gains.

The risk is the failure rate. Saul’s 30+ years give him pattern recognition — he’s seen thousands of “transitioning” companies. Most don’t successfully transition. I don’t have that database. Every pre-inflection bet is a higher-variance decision.

The Nov 2025 portfolio post documented the specific deviations that caused damage: margin (forced selling during drawdowns), failure to trim oversized positions (IREN exceeded 20%), too many positions to follow closely (11 names). The lesson is clear: pre-inflection investing can work, but only if the rest of Saul’s framework — no margin, disciplined trimming, concentrated focus — is followed with even more rigor than Saul himself applies to later-stage positions. I’m not deviating from the philosophy. I’m applying it to an earlier stage of the company lifecycle. Whether that’s wisdom or hubris will be clear in a few years.

5. The Neocloud Race: IREN, NBIS, and the 5 GW Prize

IREN, NBIS, and CoreWeave have emerged as the Big Three independent neocloud operators. Each started from a different origin but is converging on the same prize: providing GPU capacity for the AI era.

My base-case model: 5 GW of active power by ~2030 × $2-2.5B quarterly revenue per GW × 20% net margins × 25x P/E = $200-250B enterprise value. Under these assumptions, the upside is 8.8x for IREN, 3.4x for NBIS, and 3.3x for CoreWeave. This is a model, not a prediction — all three companies could massively under-execute or exceed these numbers. The asymmetry — IREN offering nearly 3x the upside of its peers — is why it’s the largest position.

Power is the real moat. Not revenue. Not earnings. Power. The distinction between active (GPUs running), contracted/connected (binding agreements, utility connections built), and secured pipeline (agreements in place, not yet built) is the difference between a promise and a revenue-generating asset. CoreWeave leads on active power (>1 GW). NBIS is the most aggressive in growth rate. IREN has the deepest pipeline (4.5 GW secured) and needs only ~10% of it for its target.

IREN doesn’t need to win the whole race. It can under-execute relative to its potential and still deliver extraordinary returns. The lower valuation prices in less success. If IREN converts even half its pipeline, the re-rating will be substantial.

The risk for all three is execution. The key metric to watch is active power growth quarter over quarter. Revenue and earnings will follow. If active power stalls, the story breaks — regardless of what the contracted or pipeline numbers say. HIVE remains a small position as a potential consolidation play; its power assets could be valuable to an acquirer as the industry consolidates.


Thank you for reading. I welcome pushback on any of these positions or frameworks — the best ideas on this board come from being challenged.

— InnerPeace123

64 Likes

Thank you for the really great write-up! I enjoyed reading it and learned a ton.

4 Likes

Inner,

Well done and well written up. I do have a question about your Iren potential, are you calculating the large % of dilution or debt required to see that profitability?

Just using numbers from the xAI deal with anthropic. It took them about 8B for 300MW worth of GPUs. To go to 4GW that would be looking at 100B. That’s going to be 100b of the 200b of market cap if they issued shares or a big detraction if it’s in debt because it will drag down profit paying off loans.

Drew

5 Likes

This is an excellent writeup that I can follow and understand. I am not as numbers savvy as a lot of the posters on this board, so I tend to stay at a slightly higher level of analysis and you were matching my inner voice here. Thank you!

I have a similar, albeit less sophisticated approach. I am very focused on the AI Data Center buildout “wave” with large positions in IREN (>20%) and NBIS (20%). It builds my confidence to see that the growth is backed by CAPEX investments pulled from the deep pockets of the hyperscalers, who have been very public about their investments.

But I also hold medium sized position in MU (10%) and SNDK (7%), which you don’t currently hold. I think these names are direct beneficiaries of the Data Center buildout and have been doing quite well for me. Thank you for the cyclical graphic - that was helpful. I guess I see the cycle as “kind of different”. Memory contract lengths are extended and most near-term capacity is sold out. I think this gives at least a 2-3 year long window to capture some of that growth in these names before the cyclical nature may seep back in. I think its cycle will closely to the pace of AI Data Center buildout, which is projected to last for at least several more years.

As someone with more technical insight than me, does that logic hold up? Are you avoiding those names and going for the stronger moat? Or do you think this cycle will end sooner rather than later?

Thanks

3 Likes

That’s not a moat for Astera. There’s no doubt that PCIe is entrenched and newer versions are getting faster/better all the time, but for GPU to GPU connectivity, Nvidia’s NVLink is still the fastest (if most expensive and propietary). More importantly, PCIe is a standard and so there is strong competition, in this case, from Broadcom and Marvell, both excellent companies, with Broadcom recently entering the PCIe 6 space as well.

AI hardware is a complicated space, and even technically savvy people will have difficulties translating that to investment judgements. Saul would often look past the technical aspects and focus on how the business is doing - I suggest almost everyone here to do the same.

For instance, a couple/few years ago Nvidia redesigned its boards to eliminate the need for PCIe Retimers between the GPU and CPUs. That led to a brief selloff in ALAB until Semi-Analysis pointed out that Amazon was still a heavy Retimer user for their Trainium systems. Today, Astera’s Retimer business is almost entirely from use in ASIC-based (as opposed to GPU-based) systems. That include’s Google’s TPUs as well.

That said, the Retimer business (Aries) will be eclipsed in total revenue by the Smart Ethernet Module business (Taurus), which is a faster growing business thanks to new faster 400G and 800G ethernet switches. Think of this as connecting servers within data centers.

Astera’s third business is in Smart Fabric Switches (Scorpio). Think of this as the traffic controller for large-scale AI clusters (scale-up). This is Astera’s fastest growing business, but from a very small base.

Each of these products moves up the value and complexity chain, as well as unit price. As they’re based on the PCIe standards, competition will remain strong, so Astera will have to execute on both technical and business/marketing/deal fronts.

I don’t get this part at all. In a hardware downturn, I think Astera’s business would be decimated along with everyone else that is “essential” for large AI clusters.

FWIW, however, I think Astera is a good company and I do own shares. I just think we have to be careful how excited we get. After all, our investing-advice LLMs haven’t yet experienced a downturn first hand. :winking_face_with_tongue:


As for Nebius vs Iren, I think it’s worth pointing out two things:

  1. Big time AI savvy investors like Leopold Aschenbrenner own all 3 of the top NeoClouds.
  2. xAI just entered the NeoCloud space with a bang, securing a $15B/year deal with Anthropic ($45B over 3 years if neither side cancels). xAI has 1.2GW of AI compute already up and running, which is larger than any of the other 3 NeoClouds at this moment. This Anthropic deal should put Space-X into the black for 2026 despite last year’s losses.
17 Likes

@drew1618t The flywheel will start when revenue starts coming in from their early deals. There will be dilution for all of the neoclouds given the massive capex. But $IREN has demonstrated the ability to use the capital markets very effectively to date.

In fact we can see from the news announcement today that IREN is using the highest publicly rated investment‑grade GPU financing alongside customer prepayments. So it is very inaccurate and misleading to say this will all be dilution.

4 Likes

Daws,

My post explicitly said the capital could come through either share issuance or debt/financing, and that both have consequences for shareholder returns. I was not saying it would all be dilution.

My point is that scaling from hundreds of MW to multi-GW AI cloud capacity requires enormous capex. Whether that is funded through equity, debt, GPU financing, customer prepayments, or some combination, each path has a cost to the company and to shareholders.

I own IREN and have been happy with how management has raised capital so far.

How much profit and free cash flow remain for current shareholders after financing costs, repayment obligations, depreciation, contract terms, and any dilution?

My post was asking whether the 8x return case included any assumptions about how IREN raises the capital needed to reach that scale.

Drew

4 Likes

I read it as picking on $IREN vs other Neoclouds. Glad to hear you are long on it too. I think they are the best risk/reward right now based on current market cap.

1 Like

Hi Drew,

Thanks for the thoughtful pushback — the dilution and financing question is the right one to ask.

On the $8B / 300MW number and the relationship between CapEx and enterprise value: I think there might be a misunderstanding of my model. The 20% net margin I’m using is after GPU costs. The gross margins for these neoclouds are already in the ~70% range — NBIS at 72%, CoreWeave at 69%, IREN at 68%. That means roughly 30% of revenue goes to the direct cost of delivering compute (GPU depreciation, power, etc.). The remaining 50 points between gross and net cover operating expenses, SBC, and other overhead. So the $100B in GPU CapEx you mention is already baked into the cost structure that produces that 20% net margin. The $200-250B enterprise value is the output of the model after all those costs.

One interesting wrinkle on the depreciation accounting: per third-party analysis comparing neocloud economics, IREN’s GPU financing structure (FMV leases) appears to use shorter depreciation schedules than CoreWeave’s 6-year straight-line approach (per CRWV’s S-1). If IREN is recognizing GPU costs faster, yet still reports a 68% gross margin essentially identical to CRWV’s 69%, then normalizing for depreciation schedules would make IREN’s underlying unit economics look even better. That said, this is based on third-party analysis rather than IREN’s own disclosures — worth verifying directly.

Separately, the xAI deal’s per-MW revenue is extraordinary — roughly $12.5B per GW per quarter ($1.25B/mo × 3 / 0.3 GW). That’s about 5x the $2-2.5B per GW per quarter I’m using. I chose the more conservative number deliberately: the xAI deal can be canceled (as far as I understand), it’s a premium price for immediately available capacity, and I’d rather be wrong on the upside than build a model around the single most expensive deal in the space. If the xAI unit economics become the norm, the upside is dramatically higher than what I modeled.

On dilution: you’re right that I didn’t model it, and that’s a limitation. If building 4 GW requires $80-100B in total CapEx (your estimate), that’s a lot of financing. But I’d offer two counterpoints:

First, the asymmetry math. At $22.7B market cap, I’m looking at 8.8x upside to a $200B target. You’d need 8.8x dilution — nearly 90% share count expansion — just to offset the upside. That’s very hard to do, especially when GPU-backed financing is becoming increasingly sophisticated. CoreWeave just closed an $8.5 billion investment-grade rated GPU-backed facility in March 2026 — the first of its kind. IREN itself has secured $9.2B in funding this fiscal year across customer prepayments, convertible notes, GPU leasing, and GPU financing. The financing toolbox is getting better, and the assets (GPUs + power contracts) serve as genuine collateral.

Second, the cheapest form of financing is customer prepayments and hyperscaler commitments. If someone signs a 5-year take-or-pay contract for GPU capacity, the financing costs are embedded in the deal. The buildout is funded by the customer, not by shareholders. That’s exactly what NBIS is doing with Meta and Microsoft.

On the market’s reaction to financing news: I’ve noticed the same pattern — contracts = euphoria, financing = panic. It’s strange. Every contract requires financing to fulfill. The market celebrates the revenue promise but recoils at the capital required to deliver it. My sense is that at $20-60B market caps, these names aren’t yet on the radar of large short-term hedge funds in a coordinated way. The price action — IREN underperforming NBIS and CRWV today, likely on financing overhang — feels more like retail and generalist institutional reaction than a deliberate short campaign. That will probably change as the companies get bigger.

Again, appreciate the challenge. The dilution question is the right one to keep asking as these companies scale.

10 Likes

Hi Rudderspin,

Glad the cyclical graphic was helpful. Your logic on MU and SNDK isn’t wrong — memory contract lengths ARE extended, near-term capacity IS sold out, and the AI data center buildout does give these names a multi-year tailwind. I don’t think the cycle ends soon. I just don’t know when it ends, and that’s the problem for me.

Two things hold me back from adding them:

First, I already have higher-conviction positions. IREN, ALAB, NBIS, NVDA — these are companies where I’ve done deep work and built genuine conviction. MU and SNDK might do great. But if I’m perfectly happy with the returns I’m getting from positions I understand deeply, what am I gaining by adding names where my conviction is thinner? It’s not a comment on MU or SNDK — it’s about portfolio management. Every new position dilutes focus.

Second, the Zoom experience from a few years ago is hard to forget. Zoom’s revenue growth didn’t stop until well after the stock had already collapsed. The market is forward-looking — it can start repricing names before the cycle visibly turns. It’s possible to be right about the next 2-3 years of growth and still see a painful drawdown if the multiple compresses early. A stretch of macro turbulence followed by the market starting to price in a future growth deceleration, and suddenly that 2-3 year window can get uncomfortable before the fundamentals even change. I’m not predicting that — I’m saying I can’t rule it out, and I’d rather not put a timer on my investments.

I genuinely hope the memory trade works out well. The thesis has real merit. I just know where my conviction is highest, and I’m content staying there.

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Smorgasbord1,

This is incredibly helpful — thank you for taking the time. I’ll be the first to admit that while I build AI systems, I don’t have deep hardware engineering expertise. Several of your points made me rethink parts of what I wrote.

On ALAB’s moat: You’re right that I overstated it. PCIe being a standard means exactly what you said — Broadcom and Marvell can compete on it. The fact that NVIDIA has already redesigned boards to eliminate PCIe retimers between GPUs and NICs is something I wasn’t aware of, and it’s a meaningful risk for the Aries product line. My understanding now is that Aries’ remaining strength is in ASIC-based systems (Google TPUs, Amazon Trainium) rather than NVIDIA GPU systems — which is a more specific and potentially narrower market than I implied.

What I was trying to get at — and probably failed to express clearly — is that ALAB’s products feel more standardized than CRDO’s AEC cables, which are a newer category where the standard itself is still being fought over. ALAB has competition (you’re right), but PCIe as a standard isn’t going anywhere soon. CRDO’s AEC technology could be replaced by a different interconnect approach entirely. That’s a distinction in type of risk, not necessarily magnitude. But your point that ALAB would get “decimated along with everyone else” in a downturn is well taken — essential doesn’t mean immune.

On the neocloud landscape: The xAI point is significant and I should have included it. 1.2GW already running puts them ahead of all three independents combined on active power. And the Anthropic deal at $1.25B/month resets the benchmark for what these contracts can look like. Leopold Aschenbrenner owning all three (plus a newly disclosed HIVE position — nearly 3.4 million shares per his 13F) is interesting — it does suggest the thesis is “the sector will be huge” rather than “I can pick the winner.” I’ve effectively made the same bet, just concentrated in IREN rather than spreading across all three.

On being careful how excited we get: This is the most important point in your reply, and you’re right. The investing framework I built doesn’t have firsthand experience of a hardware downturn — it’s operating on historical patterns and financial data, not lived experience. Saul’s edge came from thirty years of seeing companies through cycles. I don’t have that. The enthusiasm needs to be tempered with the recognition that we’re operating with less pattern recognition than he had.

Really appreciate the depth here. Posts like this are why the board is valuable.

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Interesting, I’ve been trying to run a similar calculation, but I’m apparently working off of different data. Here’s one other calculation:

He summizes it’s 3X the going market rate. He has more thoughts here:

I would expect this deal to be expensive on a per GPU or watt basis because everything is already up and running. Paying for instant compute is wise for Anthropic given their constaints, and waiting months or even years for a NeoCloud to spin up hardware doesn’t help them now - when they need it.

My understanding of the terms:

  1. 6 months contract is locked in, with a ramp up in use/cost for the first 2 months.
  2. After that, either side can cancel with 90-days notice
  3. Deal is for all of Colossus 1, and some unknown percentage of Colossus 2. Elon still thinks he can turn Grok around and wants to reserve some compute capacity for that.
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