Usually the US government gives an open checkbook cost plus contract.
After taking a loss on the first lots of B-21 Raiders, Northrop Grumman has negotiated a higher cost ceiling on the next 19 aircraft, the company said in a June 18 release.
“Final terms, quantity, and pricing beyond the first 21 aircraft are subject to negotiation. The government and Northrop Grumman have established not to exceed pricing for an additional 19 aircraft. The average not to exceed value for the subsequent lots is above the average unit price of the five LRIP lots,” the company said.
Northrop has lost more than $1 billion on those first aircraft, which are part of five Low Rate Initial Production contracts whose fixed-price clause forces the company to eat cost overruns.
Northrop has skin in the game.
When Northrop bid on the B-21 program, the company lacked a mature design yet accepted a fixed-price production contract that has cost it $1.17 billion so far. That’s a mistake company officials won’t repeat, CEO Kathy Warden said in January.
But it suited Air Force negotiators, who will receive the first lots of stealthy bombers more cheaply than they expected.
At least in aircraft & naval ships there is never a mature design. Defense contractors promise the moon and hope to develop the needed technology on the fly.
“Final terms, quantity, and pricing beyond the first 21 aircraft are subject to negotiation.
So Northrup will make up the loss on subsequent sales.
After the stealth bomber took its first flight in November, the Pentagon gave Northrop a green light to start production of the B-21. Details about the stealthy aircraft remain scarce, but Air Force officials have said that flight testing is on track and “proceeding well.”
I hope so! The bulk of the USAF bomber fleet [B 52&B 1]is ancient.