One thing individuals or localities or states can do immediately is to always construct towards segregating clean, gray, and black water.
That will help on new construction, but there’s a lot of existing structure out there…
(They already do separate the clean “white” water.)
You can EASILY cut back your total water usage by 90% if you have the right pipes and a little self discipline above the “don’t leave the clean water running while you brush your teeth” level.
I would question the 90% figure, unless there’s a major design shift. Some savings, yes, but 90%?
You see, the (ahem) “solids” in black water need a certain amount of water to keep them moving. Low-flow toilets are already identified as a significant contributing factor in plugging up some cities’ sewer systems. Separating the grey water and not running it through the same pipes will make that situation much worse.
Now if we want to put everyone on RV-type wastewater systems…
That would involve a “black” tank under every toilet. RV toilets are different, rather than a P-trap (named for its shape, not its contents), they have a valve at the bottom. And the black tank is literally, directly, under the toilet; there are no bends in the pipe. So anything that goes down the toilet WILL make it to the black tank; the amount of water used doesn’t matter.
And you WANT water to accumulate in the black tank, until it’s nearly full. (In our motorhome, with the two of us, that’s about two weeks.) So the solids have time and opportunity to become rather less solid. Then after it’s emptied you want to add a few gallons of water, so even anything that stayed behind - let alone the first new deposit - can immediately begin breaking down.
Grey water - that’s your household waste water from all sources except the toilets - is less fussy, because there’s rather less solid stuff. RVs also have grey-water tanks, but the main reason not to leave the sewer line hooked up and that valve open is that you want some grey water to sort-of-clean the sewer hose after dumping the black tank.