They ran dsl on copper T1’s for over a decade. I had dsl for years on copper. You can run copper from a remote 2 miles for dsl and get 1.5 mbps. Then they started building Fiber rings. The T1’s couldn’t handle as much bandwidth but it was still doable.
Yes, my dsl was copper. It took that long to get fiber within range.
Mine didn’t have fiber it was all on copper.