The climate change success stories

How they got it wrong – pessimistic predictions upended by post-Paris momentum

28 Oct. 2025

Analysis finds that the clean energy transition has advanced far beyond what was predicted a decade ago.

A decade since the landmark Paris Agreement was signed at the COP21 climate summit in 2015, new analysis reveals how cautious or even sceptical forecasts made around a decade ago have been proven wrong by momentum since.

The analysis by the Energy & Climate Intelligence Unit (ECIU) [1] finds that on measures including clean-energy installation and investment, emissions growth, the rollout of other technologies such as electric vehicles (EVs), and the embedding of climate policy and standards in the global economy, the Paris Agreement has had a transformative global impact.

It finds that:

  • In 2015, BP’s Energy Outlook [2] predicted that the global non-fossil share of power generation would rise modestly from 32% that year to 38% by the end of its forecast period in 2035. By 2024 non-fossil generation already accounted for over 41% of the global power supply [3] – making more progress in 10 years than was predicted over 20.

  • Solar and wind have hugely exceeded expectations: the world installed 553 GW of solar in 2024 alone, overshooting 2015 International Energy Agency (IEA) forecasts by more than 1,500% [4]. Coal is now in global decline. Total global solar capacity is over four times what was predicted in 2015, and doubling every three years.

  • EVs have exceeded expectations: 2024 EV deployment is already 40% above the IEA’s 2015 projections, and on track to be 66% higher by 2030. The Paris declaration target of 100 million electric vehicles on the road by 2030 is on target to be hit as soon as 2027.

Energy & Climate Intelligence Unit | How they got it wrong –… .

9 Likes

Oh really?

Below is the world energy consumption of coal, in exajoules, for each of the last 6 years as recorded in the Statistical Review of World Energy.

World Coal Consumption, exajoules
2019: 157.06
2020: 152.34
2021: 160.71
2022: 161.74
2023: 163.15
2024: 165.06

Coal consumption is higher than pre-pandemic, and is at a record high.

This year looks to be another record high.

  • Bloomberg: Global coal demand rose to an all-time high in 2025, up 0.5% y-on-y to 8,845 million tons.

  • China consumes more coal than the rest of the world combined and fully determines global trends.

  • India is the main source of net demand growth through 2030, driven by electricity demand, cement, steel, and coal-based industrial processes.

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Below are the trends for the other two main fossil fuels.

World Oil Consumption, exajoules
2019: 194.39
2020: 176.76
2021: 186.65
2022: 192.82
2023: 197.40
2024: 199.10

World Natural Gas Consumption, exajoules
2019: 140.59
2020: 139.33
2021: 144.81
2022: 144.21
2023: 144.50
2024: 148.60

Finally, below is the trend in the total world CO2 emissions from fossil fuels, as recorded in the Global Carbon Atlas.

World CO2 emissions from fossil fuels, gigatonnes
2019: 37.087
2020: 35.158
2021: 36.867
2022: 37.528
2023: 38.094
2024: 38.599

The atmospheric CO2 concentration is headed higher, and not even slowing down.

_ Pete

3 Likes

That statement “Coal is now in global decline” was referring to electricity generation. You took the statement out of context. The author even foot noted the statement to this reference:

5 Likes

I took nothing out of context. Electricity generation from coal is also at an all-time high.

From the spreadsheet version of the Statistical Review of World Energy data, we get the following generation statistics for coal.

Electricity generation from coal, worldwide, TWh
2019: 9902.6
2020: 9498.0
2021: 10,234.0
2022: 10,311.7
2023: 10,461.0
2024: 10,613.2

2024 is an all-time high.

This is backed up by the source provided by jaagu.

https://ember-energy.org/latest-insights/global-electricity-review-2025/global-electricity-trends/#global-electricity-generation

From the link, regarding electricity generation for the year 2024…

“The global increase in fossil generation came mostly from coal which rose by 149 TWh (+1.4%). Gas generation increased by 103 TWh (+1.6%). Other fossil fuels saw a minor fall of 7.7 TWh (-0.9%).”

“China and India saw the largest increases in coal generation in 2024, together totalling more than the global net increase.”

Also…
Global power sector emissions reached a new record high in 2024, rising by 1.6% or 223 million tonnes of CO2 (MtCO2), compared to 2023. This increase was similar to 2023 (+1.5%) and 2022 (+1.3%) and was driven by an increase in fossil generation, predominantly from coal.”

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_ Pete

3 Likes

Yes but 2025 may be a decline from 2024.

1 Like

Looks like coal has peaked in 2024 even as the world electrical energy use is increasing.

The first 10 months of 2024 = 8435 TWh

The first 10 months of 2025 = 8429 TWh

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0.07% difference is significant?

The Captain

1 Like