The root cause is an aging population, characterized by fewer births and longer life expectancy. This increases the so-called old age dependency ratio, whereby a growing share of an ever-grayer population’s pension payments rests on a shrinking labor force.
In some countries, like Germany, that ratio is already high, at 40 percent. But by 2050, that ratio will be even more extreme, topping 75 percent in the cases of Italy, Spain and Greece. It’s projected to grow to above 50 percent in most EU countries, including in relatively rich places like the Nordics and the Netherlands.
None of the solutions palatable to the voting EU citizen.
None of the solutions palatable to the voting EU citizen.
They could grow the way the US grew, prior to the 1920s, through immigration. Instead, the UK is taking the people who want to come to the UK, work, and build a life, and flying them to Rwanda instead.