Of course. Like many provisions of international law governing warfare, belligerents are not allowed to deliberately inflict damage on civilian populations as a military target in wartime.
The reason it is “seemingly” simple, rather than actually simple, is because you are allowed to deprive enemy belligerents of food, supplies, and other resources in order to degrade their effectiveness. So when an enemy belligerent violates the laws of war by intentionally locating their forces intermixed within a civilian population, as Hamas has done, it presents a far more complicated question:
A second and more complex question is whether the prohibition is limited to situations where a belligerent deliberately starves civilians, or whether it also covers situations where, although not intended, the starvation of civilians is the foreseeable consequence of a particular course of action. If a besieged area holds fighters and civilians, would a besieging party that does not allow the entry of commodities because it wants to starve the fighters, knowing that this is also going to starve civilians, be violating the prohibition? Is what matters the intention underlying a course of action or its effects ?
One view, based on the wording of the prohibition in Article 54 AP I and, in particular, on its framing of the practice ‘as a method of warfare’, is that only the deliberate starvation of civilians is prohibited.39 A number of military manuals appear to support this interpretation.40 Additional support for this narrow interpretation comes from the wording of Article 54(2) AP I, which sets out an example of a violation of the prohibition of starvation, and refers to the destruction of objects indispensable to the survival of the civilian population ‘for the specific purpose of denying them for their sustenance value to the civilian population’ (emphasis added).
There are arguments that such tactics are limited in these situations, of course, which are also laid out in that article (which predates the current attacks in Gaza, so was not written with any particular viewpoint on that specific siege). But not that such responses are completely prohibited - just that they are limited. Like bombardments in an area where there are known to be a lot of civilians, there is not a clear-cut rule.
Again, because Hamas has chosen to violate international law by embedding their forces and resources within the civilian population of Gaza, it is inevitable that civilians will be hurt and killed by any Israeli response to Hamas’ attacks. This does not mean that responses that are permitted under the laws of war to be taken against belligerents (like bombing and sieges) are prohibited to the Israelis because Hamas has done this. They don’t get immunity from military responses like sieges just because they are hiding among civilians.